PART IV: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

INITIAL INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS REQUIREMENT

INVESTIGATION SYSTEM CONCEPTS

Problem is difference distinctive (gap) among system aim and condition of system which actually, with other savvy why system fails to reaching to the effect system already being determined previous.

To know things any kind has already caused system failing, so an analyst advisable to do investigation earlier before do action to fix system. With investigation, an analyst will more understand problem and its system path more visceral, even in detect problem was known about problem its but still figure its outline.

There are many reporting in detects problem maybe don't quite a real or indissoluble. That thing maybe because of:

To the effect that over ideal so difficult or maybe won't be reached.

• System can't be developed since resource lack, attitude or both

• Inaccurate system measurement.

• statement of goals is dated

• The difference among idle system and temporary system

- Problem solving

• System condition formulation that walking through activity investigation in detail

• Getting ideal system consensus.

• Develop severally alternative to reduce the difference (gap) among ideal system with system that be walks.

• Choosing the best one alternative

To the effect of investigation that is subject to be strengthens or points out problem that actually happens over and above as trick an analyst for understands its system exhaustively.

CONSTRAINT IN INVESTIGATION SYSTEM

In do investigation some constraint which often emerges is:

• Time
 Analyst time comes up short resource, so just does play favorites investigation activity. Usually time is engaged cost problem be needed.   

• Cost
 Cost oftentimes that is issued is engaged the duration time for activity to investigation, so management will give cost limitation.

• Knowledge
 Manager is information system tends to enjoin junior analyst that haven't had technical or science membership that adequately, so will impacted on investigation result that visceral subtracted ,ripe or complete. 

• Politics
 Management or particular parties may broadcast issue that its aim to constrain investigation activity.

    • Interference

RECOMMENDATION

Result of investigation is one recommendation, one that one of it is as follows:

• Don't take action whatever since undiscovered problem.  

• Doing preserve system for problem what do little.

• Increasing ability or user skill at deep going or utilizes information system.    

• Regarding for system modification totally, so needs thinking to substitute it with system a new one.

• Placing happening problem into systems developmental plan which shortly be done.

INVESTIGATION TACTICS

Why needs tactics?

• Find all problem

• Knowing its appearance cause problem

• Determining solution in point

Done so all system element can accept solution offer without trouble their activity

Severally tactics which can be done:

• Listening system agent opinion

• Don't give startup resolving

• Comparing story some bodies system agent to same case

• Notice the logical inconsistent problem

INVESTIGATION TECHNIQUE

Investigation Technique to cover activity:

Directly, is to know face to face what which happen deep environmental user.

• Questioner

• Question-answer

• Monitoring

Indirectly, Activity who can presto do and invisibility of personal operational, so gets to know extern or something flank that disguised of user community. This activity will dominate in the early activity SDLC, hereafter internal probe to deepen.

• Procedural flow

• Studying document

• Sample

• Tabular

CURRENT SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Determining current system performance will struck a snag if firm have no one performance measurement default system. Too bad, tending firm doesn't update to document walking system. Hence, analyst fix document up to problem investigation system. Current system description covers explanation:

• inputs

• outputs

• files

• data elements

• transaction volume and action document

• data flow diagrams

ANALYSIS REQUIREMENT

Intensive interaction phase among analyst system with end user where development systems team point out its membership to get comment and user trust so gets good participation.

4 goal that want to be reached :

• Wording comprehensive system

• Figuring ideal information system

• Taking in ideal information system to condition of currently by notices resource constraint

•  Giving push to wearing confidence into development system

Method

• Question-answer

• Questioner

• Observation

• analysis procedure

• Document monitoring

Resource constraint

• Time

• Money

• Membership

• Technology

• External factor

Document is analysis the need

• Analysis direction: Relationship with end user, monitoring processes, about problem in data collecting

• Wearing requirement: Real requirement, Write-up requirement, training requirement and new system influence

• System constraint: Wording time and cost constraint, membership, technology and external factor

•  Document as instrumental as data collecting, statistical consensus, ala data flow logical and physical, early data element in lexical data.

GENERATING SYSTEMS ALTERNATIVES

How to current system condition approaching with condition of system which ideal?

• Making alternative to solve information system problem

• That best alternative is applied one expedient

Strategy Selection

• distributed versus centralized processing

• Changing information decision from centralized processing's data goes to decentralized end user responsibility center

• Integrated versus dispersed is database

• System designer shall regard data any kind ingoing in base's data and one turns in at File

• Surround Strategy of System Development

• Environmentally surrounding strategy is of important in term confiscation because information system of other firm may in contrast to corporate currently.

Tactics Selection

Done before operational scheme option

Operational scheme Selection

Scheme selection can be agglomerated into

o Input

§ Online Vs Off Line Data Entry

§ Keyed Vs Machine Readable Data Entry

§ Centralized Vs Decentralized Data Entry

o Processing

§ Batch Vs Realtime record update

§ Sequential Vs Direct Access to records

§ Single Vs Multiple User update of records

o Output

§ Traditional Vs Turn Around Documents

§ Structured Vs Inquiry based reports

SELECTING THE PROPER SYSTEM

Tactics compares: System than bases cost and gain relatively; There is 3 A's system trick is said more superior with another system if:

• A have inferior cost of B and gain both same

• A have inferior cost of B and A. result more gain A lot of B

• A and B have cost with but resulting gain A. more A lot of B.

Several Comparative Method system

• Break Even point Analyisis

• Payback Period

• Discounted PayBack period

• Internal Rate of Return

Cost Category

§ Hardware

§ Software

§ People

§ Suppliers

§ Teleccommunications

§ Physical sites

Cost Detail

Comparing system information cost via system life, projection analyst gets what change cost for the future and there is 3 information system cost models which is Linear, Exponential and Step Function.

System Information Cost can happen really just and gets too happening chronically.

• Information system cost happening once just which is on-time cost and development cost what do happen while development system.
• Information system cost happening continually among those is recurring cost and operational cost where this cost happens while operating information system everyday

INFORMATION SYSTEM FACTOR

Qualitative Factor That Aim Good Information System Performance among Those

• Reducing fault zoom
• Reducing time to fix fault
• Reducing response time from workstation alternative
• Hastening supplying time information
• Increasing system security
• Increasing record's source update active
• Increasing wearing satisfaction

CORPORATE STRATEGY FACTOR

• Consumer satisfaction
• Sell zoom increases
• Consumer commitment and vendor
• Product marketing information

REPRESENTATION IS LEARNING SYSTEM

• Doing presentation in few words
• Reducing with technically explanation detail
• Representation is ala is clear with visual's assistive tool
• If utilizes model to utilize assistive tool e.g. laptop so more informative
• Emphasize gain of information system proposal with severally alternative whatever available appropriate condition which experienced by company.

DECISION DRAWNS OUT OR NOT

• If firm decides to develop system therefore information department will do succeeding process which is System Design Process.
• If contrariwise therefore System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) will be discontinued.
• Oft will find problem with study system and usually top management will ask for to do its reworking to study system.
• Model will word some part step which and sometimes information department will make repeat decision step before word study system.
• With alternative, decision for repeat one SDLC'S step in advance or not been called Go – No. –Go Decision.